Paradox of Technological Innovation and Inclusive Innovation to Promote Development

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the paradox between technological innovation and development, examining how technological advances can simultaneously foster economic and social progress and intensify inequalities, environmental risks, and social exclusion, discussing inclusive innovation as a strategy to achieve the right to development.

Method: This study adopts a qualitative approach based on the dialectical method and theoretical bibliographic research. Contributions from Joseph Schumpeter and Ulrich Beck were analyzed, as well as references from Brazilian constitutional law and development theory, with emphasis on the 1988 Federal Constitution and contemporary studies on innovation, sustainability, and solidarity.

Results: The findings indicate that technological innovation is a central factor in development, according to Schumpeter’s perspective of creative destruction, but it also generates risks and negative externalities, as highlighted by Beck’s risk society theory. The concentration of technological benefits and consumerist logic exacerbate social and environmental inequalities, revealing the paradox between technical progress and social justice. Inclusive innovation, guided by solidarity and distributive equity, emerges as an alternative capable of integrating economic growth, environmental sustainability, and social inclusion.

Conclusion: It is concluded that technological innovation, although indispensable to development, does not by itself guarantee the realization of the right to development. Its effectiveness depends on the equitable distribution of its benefits, solidary cooperation among States, and the adoption of public policies oriented toward inclusive innovation, capable of promoting sustainable development and reducing inequalities.